I haven’t tested any of this on raspbian but it might work. You can add something like this to your /etc/fstab just make sure the folder you specify(/media/public) exists. Then run sudo mount /media/public. If that works then you can point the path to /media/public/blah
//192.168.0.5/public/ /media/public cifs guest,file_mode=0777,dir_mode=0777,iocharset=utf8,sec=ntlm 0 0
If you want to use an account other than guest you can do something like:
//192.168.0.5/public/ /media/public cifs credentials=/home/pi/.smbcredentials,file_mode=0777,dir_mode=0777,iocharset=utf8,sec=ntlm 0 0
where the .smbcredentials file looks like:
username=user
password=pass